Circio Holding ASA (CRNA) 4

zappa66 · januar 8, 2026, 10:57am

Ordbruken og begrepsapparatet som brukes i børsmeldinger spesielt innenfor biotek er verdt en studie i seg selv, men hører neppe inn i en selskaps spesifikk tråd

Has · januar 8, 2026, 11:21am

Det er sikkert flere her som har interesser i flere selskaper, og tråden brukes flittig til å drøfte forhold i bransjen som ikke er selskapsspesifikke. Det må da være lov å se ting i en større sammenheng?

Fartin · januar 8, 2026, 11:23am

dette har ikke blitt børsmeldt?

Bob_le_Plast · januar 8, 2026, 11:34am

Finfint det her!

Blir mye lettere å få en god safety-profil siden man på vaksiner kan bruke langt lavere konsentrasjon for samme effekt som eks covid-19 mRNA.

Dweller · januar 8, 2026, 12:54pm

Godt nytt år alle medaksjonærer og alle potensielle investorer.

Dette samarbeidet er ikke nødvendigvis betydelig kursdrivende alene, og det er ikke kommersielt i seg selv … ,men likavel verdt å merke seg

Det er et kvalitetsstempel, ettersom initiativet kommer fra et tungt amerikansk fagmiljø.
Det er også en gratis opsjon for oss – Circio bruker verken kapital eller interne ressurser. Samtidig er det et signal om at circVec treffer reelle, uløste behov, også utenfor gen- og celleterapi.

Sett sammen med pågående Big Pharma-mulighetsstudie og en emisjon som i stor grad er sikret, fremstår caset etter mitt syn LANGT mer robust NÅ, enn for bare et halvt år siden, selv om alt, som vi er fullstendig klar over fortsatt er preklinisk.
Altså enda et skudd på mål dette! Og enda flere kommer …

Min sannsynlighetsberegning tilsier at vi burde vært priset langt høyere! ,Men typisk meg og være uenig med markedet I know!

Fra mitt ståsted begynner dette å se rimelig pent ut Mtp risk–reward. Det er verdt å minne om at det i liten grad er Circio som skal bære risikoen og kostnadene ved å ta dette hele veien til markedet. Selskapet posisjonerer teknologien tidlig, mens tunge og kostbare studier i praksis må tas av partnere.

Nå er det i praksis opp til markedet om man vil støtte opp i kommende emisjon, dersom man har tro på caset. For egen del går jeg, for meg - tungt inn i emisjonen og tror 2026 kan bli året for en reell turnaround – og det backes opp med cash herfra! Ser frem til at kruttrøyken fra emisjonen har lagt seg og vi kan fokusere 100% på å bygge moment! Kan bli vakkert dette!

tverilytt · januar 8, 2026, 2:58pm

Jada, samtidig er det en egen tråd “Biotekaksjer” som passer bra for dette…

Chrysler300C · januar 8, 2026, 4:03pm

Er d bare jeg som syns d er sløvt og ikke få ut en børsmelding på newsweb igår eller i dag på dette??

Det er trossalt der man innhenter informasjonen selskaper , i tillegg til hjemmeside såklart.
Men man sitter da ikke og søker opp hjemmesiden til alt mulig for og se etter meldinger

Ikke regulatorisk melding eller ei !

Spurte Erik Wiklund, han virket overrasket og skulle sjekke opp selv

TekBot · januar 9, 2026, 6:03am

Circio Holding ASA Updated key information relating to the rights issue

NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION OR RELEASE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY,
IN OR INTO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE UNITED KINGDOM, AUSTRALIA,
CANADA, HONG KONG OR JAPAN, OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE
…

Vis børsmeldingen

DISTRIBUTION OR RELEASE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL. THIS ANNOUNCEMENT DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE AN OFFER OF ANY OF THE SECURITIES DESCRIBED HEREIN.

Oslo, 9 January 2026: Reference is made to the stock exchange announcement
published by Circio Holding ASA (the “Company”) on 8 December 2025 with key
information relating to the contemplated 88% underwritten and presubscribed
rights issue in the Company, raising gross proceeds of up to NOK 50 million
(the “Rights Issue”).

Please see updated key information below:

Date on which the terms and conditions of the preferential rights issue were
announced: 8 December 2025

Last day of trading including subscription rights: 12 January 2026

Ex-date: 13 January 2026

Record Date: 14 January 2026 (assuming normal T+2 settlement)

Date of approval of the Rights Issue: 12 January 2026 (extraordinary general
meeting)

Maximum number of new shares: 50 million shares

Subscription price: NOK 1.00

Ratio preferential rights: Each existing shareholder as of 12 January 2026
(and being registered as such in Euronext Securities Oslo, the Norwegian
Central Securities Depository (VPS) at the expiry of 14 January 2026 (the
Record Date)) will be granted 0.3481 subscription rights for each share
registered as held by the shareholder. The number of subscription rights
granted to each existing shareholder will be rounded down to the nearest
whole subscription right.

Subscription ratio: 1:1 (number of new shares per subscription right)

Manager: Vator Securities AB (the “Manager”)

Will the rights be listed: Yes, the subscription rights will be listed on
the Oslo Stock Exchange (ticker code: CRNAT)

ISIN for the subscription rights: ISIN NO 0013711515

Warrants: The subscribers in the Rights Issue will without additional
consideration be allocated one warrant (Nw.: frittstående tegningsrett) (the
“Warrants”) issued by the Company for every new share subscribed for and
allocated to the subscriber in the Rights Issue (the “Warrants”). The number
of Warrants to be issued in the Rights Issue will be minimum 44,200,000 and
maximum 50,000,000. Each Warrant will give the holder the right to subscribe
for and be allocated one additional share in the Company at a subscription
price equal to 80% of the volume-weighted average price of the Company’s
share on the Oslo Stock Exchange between 8 May 2026 – 22 May 2026, but not
less than the nominal value of Company’s shares at the time of the exercise
period and may be exercised in the period from 09:00 hours (CEST) on 26 May
2026 to 16:30 hours (CEST) on 9 June 2026 (the “Exercise Period”). The
Company may apply for listing of the Warrants on the Oslo Stock Exchange or
Euronext Growth Oslo.

ISIN for the Warrants: ISIN NO 0013711523

Other information: Reference is made to the stock exchange announcement
published by the Company on 8 December 2025, for further information
regarding the Rights Issue. The Rights Issue is subject to (i) approval by
the extraordinary general meeting to be held on 12 January 2026 and (ii)
publication of a prospectus for the offering and listing of the new shares
and warrants as approved by the Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway.

This information is published in accordance with the requirements of the
Continuing Obligations.

For further information, please contact:
Erik Digman Wiklund, CEO
Phone: +47 413 33 536
Email: erik.wiklund@circio.com

Lubor Gaal, CFO
Phone: +34 683 34 3811
Email: lubor.gaal@circio.com

About Circio
Building circular RNA expression systems for enhanced gene and cell therapies

Circio Holding ASA is a biotechnology company developing novel circular RNA
expression technology for gene and cell therapy.

Circio has established a unique circular RNA (circRNA) vector expression
technology for next generation RNA, DNA and viral therapeutics. The
proprietary circVec platform is based on a modular genetic construct designed
for efficient biogenesis of multifunctional circRNA inside target cells. The
circVec platform has applications in multiple therapeutic settings, including
genetic medicine, cell therapy and chronic disease. It has demonstrated
75-fold increased RNA half-life and up to 40-fold enhanced protein expression
vs. conventional mRNA-based viral and non-viral vector systems, with the
potential to become a new gold-standard gene expression technology. The
circVec R&D activities are being conducted by the wholly owned subsidiary
Circio AB in Stockholm, Sweden.

In parallel, Circio is continuing to develop its legacy immuno-oncology
program, TG01, through cost-efficient external academic and industry
collaborations. TG01 targets RAS-mutated cancers and is being tested in two
clinical trials in Norway and the USA. TG01 is a therapeutic peptide vaccine
adjuvanted by STIMULON QS-21 licensed from Agenus Inc.

– IMPORTANT INFORMATION –
This announcement is not and does not constitute an offer of securities for
sale or a solicitation of an offer to purchase securities of the Company in
the United States or any other jurisdiction. Copies of this document may not
be sent to jurisdictions, or distributed in or sent from jurisdictions, in
which this is barred or prohibited by law. The securities of the Company may
not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an
exemption from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the “U.S. Securities Act”).

The securities of the Company have not been, and will not be, registered under
the U.S. Securities Act. Any sale in the United States of the securities
mentioned in this communication will be made solely to “qualified
institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A under the U.S. Securities Act.
No public offering of the securities will be made in the United States.

Any offering of the securities referred to in this announcement will be made
by means of a prospectus (the “Prospectus”) which will be prepared and which
is subject to the approval by the Norwegian Financial Supervisory Authority.
This announcement is an advertisement and is not a prospectus for the purposes
of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
14 June 2017 on prospectuses to be published when securities are offered to
the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market, and repealing
Directive 2003/71/EC (as amended) as implemented in any EEA Member State (the
“Prospectus Regulation”). Investors should not subscribe for any securities
referred to in this announcement except on the basis of information contained
in the Prospectus. Copies of the Prospectus will, following publication, be
available from the Company’s registered office and, subject to certain
exceptions, on the websites of the Managers.

In any EEA Member State other than Norway, this communication is only
addressed to and is only directed at qualified investors in that Member State
within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation, i.e., only to investors who
can receive the offer without an approved prospectus in such EEA Member State.

In the United Kingdom, this communication is only addressed to and is only
directed at Qualified Investors who (i) are investment professionals falling
within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial
Promotion) Order 2005 (as amended) (the “Order”) or (ii) are persons falling
within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (high net worth companies,
unincorporated associations, etc.) (all such persons together being referred
to as “Relevant Persons”). These materials are directed only at Relevant
Persons and must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not Relevant
Persons. Any investment or investment activity to which this announcement
relates is available only to Relevant Persons and will be engaged in only with
Relevant Persons. Persons distributing this communication must satisfy
themselves that it is lawful to do so.

This document is not for publication or distribution in, directly or
indirectly, Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States or any other
jurisdiction in which such release, publication or distribution would be
unlawful, and it does not constitute an offer or invitation to subscribe for
or purchase any securities in such countries or in any other jurisdiction. In
particular, the document and the information contained herein should not be
distributed or otherwise transmitted into the United States or to publications
with a general circulation in the United States of America.

The Manager is acting for the Company in connection with the Rights Issue and
no one else and will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for
providing the protections afforded to its clients or for providing advice in
relation to the Rights Issue or any transaction or arrangement referred to in
this announcement.

Matters discussed in this announcement may constitute forward-looking
statements. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical
facts and may be identified by words such as “anticipate”, “believe”,
“continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intends”, “may”, “should”, “will” and
similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this release are based
upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further
assumptions. Although the Company believes that these assumptions were
reasonable when made, these assumptions are inherently subject to significant
known and unknown risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other important
factors which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond its
control. Such risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other important factors
could cause actual events to differ materially from the expectations expressed
or implied in this release by such forward-looking statements. The
information, opinions and forward-looking statements contained in this
announcement speak only as at its date and are subject to change without
notice. This announcement is made by and is the responsibility of, the
Company. Neither the Manager nor any of its affiliates makes any
representation as to the accuracy or completeness of this announcement and
none of them accepts any responsibility for the contents of this announcement
or any matters referred to herein.

This announcement is for information purposes only and is not to be relied
upon in substitution for the exercise of independent judgment. It is not
intended as investment advice and under no circumstances is it to be used or
considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities or a recommendation to buy or sell any securities of the Company.
No reliance may be placed for any purpose on the information contained in this
announcement or its accuracy, fairness or completeness. Neither the Manager
nor any of its affiliates accepts any liability arising from the use of this
announcement.

Kilde

TekBot · januar 9, 2026, 6:03am

Circio Holding ASA Updated key information relating to the rights issue

NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION OR RELEASE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY,
IN OR INTO THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, THE UNITED KINGDOM, AUSTRALIA,
CANADA, HONG KONG OR JAPAN, OR ANY OTHER JURISDICTION IN WHICH THE
…

Vis børsmeldingen

DISTRIBUTION OR RELEASE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL. THIS ANNOUNCEMENT DOES NOT
CONSTITUTE AN OFFER OF ANY OF THE SECURITIES DESCRIBED HEREIN.

Oslo, 9 January 2026: Reference is made to the stock exchange announcement
published by Circio Holding ASA (the “Company”) on 8 December 2025 with key
information relating to the contemplated 88% underwritten and presubscribed
rights issue in the Company, raising gross proceeds of up to NOK 50 million
(the “Rights Issue”).

Please see updated key information below:

Date on which the terms and conditions of the preferential rights issue were
announced: 8 December 2025

Last day of trading including subscription rights: 12 January 2026

Ex-date: 13 January 2026

Record Date: 14 January 2026 (assuming normal T+2 settlement)

Date of approval of the Rights Issue: 12 January 2026 (extraordinary general
meeting)

Maximum number of new shares: 50 million shares

Subscription price: NOK 1.00

Ratio preferential rights: Each existing shareholder as of 12 January 2026
(and being registered as such in Euronext Securities Oslo, the Norwegian
Central Securities Depository (VPS) at the expiry of 14 January 2026 (the
Record Date)) will be granted 0.3481 subscription rights for each share
registered as held by the shareholder. The number of subscription rights
granted to each existing shareholder will be rounded down to the nearest
whole subscription right.

Subscription ratio: 1:1 (number of new shares per subscription right)

Manager: Vator Securities AB (the “Manager”)

Will the rights be listed: Yes, the subscription rights will be listed on
the Oslo Stock Exchange (ticker code: CRNAT)

ISIN for the subscription rights: ISIN NO 0013711515

Warrants: The subscribers in the Rights Issue will without additional
consideration be allocated one warrant (Nw.: frittstående tegningsrett) (the
“Warrants”) issued by the Company for every new share subscribed for and
allocated to the subscriber in the Rights Issue (the “Warrants”). The number
of Warrants to be issued in the Rights Issue will be minimum 44,200,000 and
maximum 50,000,000. Each Warrant will give the holder the right to subscribe
for and be allocated one additional share in the Company at a subscription
price equal to 80% of the volume-weighted average price of the Company’s
share on the Oslo Stock Exchange between 8 May 2026 – 22 May 2026, but not
less than the nominal value of Company’s shares at the time of the exercise
period and may be exercised in the period from 09:00 hours (CEST) on 26 May
2026 to 16:30 hours (CEST) on 9 June 2026 (the “Exercise Period”). The
Company may apply for listing of the Warrants on the Oslo Stock Exchange or
Euronext Growth Oslo.

ISIN for the Warrants: ISIN NO 0013711523

Other information: Reference is made to the stock exchange announcement
published by the Company on 8 December 2025, for further information
regarding the Rights Issue. The Rights Issue is subject to (i) approval by
the extraordinary general meeting to be held on 12 January 2026 and (ii)
publication of a prospectus for the offering and listing of the new shares
and warrants as approved by the Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway.

This information is published in accordance with the requirements of the
Continuing Obligations.

For further information, please contact:
Erik Digman Wiklund, CEO
Phone: +47 413 33 536
Email: erik.wiklund@circio.com

Lubor Gaal, CFO
Phone: +34 683 34 3811
Email: lubor.gaal@circio.com

About Circio
Building circular RNA expression systems for enhanced gene and cell therapies

Circio Holding ASA is a biotechnology company developing novel circular RNA
expression technology for gene and cell therapy.

Circio has established a unique circular RNA (circRNA) vector expression
technology for next generation RNA, DNA and viral therapeutics. The
proprietary circVec platform is based on a modular genetic construct designed
for efficient biogenesis of multifunctional circRNA inside target cells. The
circVec platform has applications in multiple therapeutic settings, including
genetic medicine, cell therapy and chronic disease. It has demonstrated
75-fold increased RNA half-life and up to 40-fold enhanced protein expression
vs. conventional mRNA-based viral and non-viral vector systems, with the
potential to become a new gold-standard gene expression technology. The
circVec R&D activities are being conducted by the wholly owned subsidiary
Circio AB in Stockholm, Sweden.

In parallel, Circio is continuing to develop its legacy immuno-oncology
program, TG01, through cost-efficient external academic and industry
collaborations. TG01 targets RAS-mutated cancers and is being tested in two
clinical trials in Norway and the USA. TG01 is a therapeutic peptide vaccine
adjuvanted by STIMULON QS-21 licensed from Agenus Inc.

– IMPORTANT INFORMATION –
This announcement is not and does not constitute an offer of securities for
sale or a solicitation of an offer to purchase securities of the Company in
the United States or any other jurisdiction. Copies of this document may not
be sent to jurisdictions, or distributed in or sent from jurisdictions, in
which this is barred or prohibited by law. The securities of the Company may
not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an
exemption from registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the “U.S. Securities Act”).

The securities of the Company have not been, and will not be, registered under
the U.S. Securities Act. Any sale in the United States of the securities
mentioned in this communication will be made solely to “qualified
institutional buyers” as defined in Rule 144A under the U.S. Securities Act.
No public offering of the securities will be made in the United States.

Any offering of the securities referred to in this announcement will be made
by means of a prospectus (the “Prospectus”) which will be prepared and which
is subject to the approval by the Norwegian Financial Supervisory Authority.
This announcement is an advertisement and is not a prospectus for the purposes
of Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
14 June 2017 on prospectuses to be published when securities are offered to
the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market, and repealing
Directive 2003/71/EC (as amended) as implemented in any EEA Member State (the
“Prospectus Regulation”). Investors should not subscribe for any securities
referred to in this announcement except on the basis of information contained
in the Prospectus. Copies of the Prospectus will, following publication, be
available from the Company’s registered office and, subject to certain
exceptions, on the websites of the Managers.

In any EEA Member State other than Norway, this communication is only
addressed to and is only directed at qualified investors in that Member State
within the meaning of the Prospectus Regulation, i.e., only to investors who
can receive the offer without an approved prospectus in such EEA Member State.

In the United Kingdom, this communication is only addressed to and is only
directed at Qualified Investors who (i) are investment professionals falling
within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial
Promotion) Order 2005 (as amended) (the “Order”) or (ii) are persons falling
within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (high net worth companies,
unincorporated associations, etc.) (all such persons together being referred
to as “Relevant Persons”). These materials are directed only at Relevant
Persons and must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not Relevant
Persons. Any investment or investment activity to which this announcement
relates is available only to Relevant Persons and will be engaged in only with
Relevant Persons. Persons distributing this communication must satisfy
themselves that it is lawful to do so.

This document is not for publication or distribution in, directly or
indirectly, Australia, Canada, Japan, the United States or any other
jurisdiction in which such release, publication or distribution would be
unlawful, and it does not constitute an offer or invitation to subscribe for
or purchase any securities in such countries or in any other jurisdiction. In
particular, the document and the information contained herein should not be
distributed or otherwise transmitted into the United States or to publications
with a general circulation in the United States of America.

The Manager is acting for the Company in connection with the Rights Issue and
no one else and will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for
providing the protections afforded to its clients or for providing advice in
relation to the Rights Issue or any transaction or arrangement referred to in
this announcement.

Matters discussed in this announcement may constitute forward-looking
statements. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical
facts and may be identified by words such as “anticipate”, “believe”,
“continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intends”, “may”, “should”, “will” and
similar expressions. The forward-looking statements in this release are based
upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further
assumptions. Although the Company believes that these assumptions were
reasonable when made, these assumptions are inherently subject to significant
known and unknown risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other important
factors which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond its
control. Such risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other important factors
could cause actual events to differ materially from the expectations expressed
or implied in this release by such forward-looking statements. The
information, opinions and forward-looking statements contained in this
announcement speak only as at its date and are subject to change without
notice. This announcement is made by and is the responsibility of, the
Company. Neither the Manager nor any of its affiliates makes any
representation as to the accuracy or completeness of this announcement and
none of them accepts any responsibility for the contents of this announcement
or any matters referred to herein.

This announcement is for information purposes only and is not to be relied
upon in substitution for the exercise of independent judgment. It is not
intended as investment advice and under no circumstances is it to be used or
considered as an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy any
securities or a recommendation to buy or sell any securities of the Company.
No reliance may be placed for any purpose on the information contained in this
announcement or its accuracy, fairness or completeness. Neither the Manager
nor any of its affiliates accepts any liability arising from the use of this
announcement.

Kilde

Baerntis · januar 9, 2026, 8:24am

Akkurat dette forholdet har kanskje ikke kommet klart nok frem i buzzen etter meldingen om samarbeidet med UTMB som også har ambisjoner innen celle- og genterapi.

"This collaboration is an important component of our strategic commitment to develop and strengthen our infectious disease, gene and cell therapy programs at UTMB,” said Dr. Antonio Bianco , Senior Vice President of Health Affairs, Dean of the John Sealy School of Medicine and Chief Research Officer at UTMB. "We strongly believe that the circular RNA expression approach has significant potential to boost current prevention and treatment strategies for infectious diseases and beyond,” he said.

UTMB er spesielt sterke innen enkelte fagområder - de er nummer én i USA for NIH-finansiering innen mikrobiologi/immunologi/virologi, og nummer to innen biokjemi. I 2020-2021 mottok UTMB over 156 millioner dollar i NIH-midler (mulig Trump er lite fornøyd med det).

Baerntis · januar 10, 2026, 9:23am

Comparison of the efficacy of mRNA vaccines against M. tuberculosis based on linear and circular RNAs

Kanskje litt overraskende resultat ? Selv om circRNA kan gi sterk antistoffrespons, ga det ikke tilstrekkelig beskyttelse mot tuberkulose i dette studiet - man trenger også T-celle-immunitet. Siden circRNA-vaksinen ga sterk antistoffrespons (sammenlignbar med BCG), men ingen T-celle-respons, kan den være bedre egnet for sykdommer hvor antistoffer er hovedforsvaret - typisk virusinfeksjoner. Som f.eks vist i disse studiene:

Det underbygger interessen fra UTMB som er blant de fremste på mikrobiologi/immunologi/virologi i USA.

Men hvis circRNA generelt ikke gir T-celle-respons, hva så med circvec og kreft ?

Baerntis · januar 10, 2026, 11:15am

Virkeligheten er nok mer nyansert enn som så. Noen direkte sammenligninger viser at circRNA gir like sterk eller sterkere respons, mens andre studier rapporterer liten eller ingen T-celle-effekt.

X. Liu, “Abstract 847: Small circular RNA for cancer immunotherapy,” Cancer Research , vol. 85, no. 8_Supplement_1, pp. 847–847, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-847.

Chen and M. Qiu, “Abstract 846: Circular RNA based cancer vaccine encoding NY-ESO-1 is effective for the treatment of lung cancer,” Cancer Research , vol. 85, no. 8_Supplement_1, pp. 846–846, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-846.

H. Ding, J. Wu, Z. Liu, C. W. Tan, H. Wang, and G. F. Gao, “Cross-platform compatibility of a structure-guided chimeric MPXV immunogen delivered via circular RNA delivery,” hLife , July 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.hlife.2025.07.003.

Singh et al. , “Comparison of immunogenicity and protection efficacy of self-amplifying and circular mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.,” iScience , 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.113498.

Y. Zhang et al. , “Small Circular RNAs As Vaccines for Cancer Immunotherapy”, doi: 10.1038/s41551-025-01344-5.

Multiple · januar 10, 2026, 11:21am

Men er det riktig da?
Det er vel bare den russiske studien som konkluderer med dette: “Immunization with the vaccine based on the circular RNA resulted in developing humoral immunity only”.

De to andre du viser til skriver:
“Using an efficient and scalable circular RNA (circRNA) platform, we constructed four circRNA vaccines that could induce robust neutralizing antibodies as well as T cell responses”
og
“Here, we report a circular RNA (circRNA) vaccine that elicited potent neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses”

Baerntis · januar 10, 2026, 11:32am

Har rodd meg inn. Se ovenfor.

Bob_le_Plast · januar 10, 2026, 2:20pm

Hvis antigenet (“vaksinekomponenten”) blir sendt ut av cellen som har fått circRNA eller mRNA, så vil immunresponsen bli hummoral. Dvs gi antistoff-respons via B-celler.

Hvis antigenet/vaksinekomp prosesseres internt i cellen for så å bli presentert på utsiden av celle-membranen via MHC -komplekser, så får man en cellulær immunrespons.
Dvs en T-cellerespons.

Det har mindre betydning om det blir prod fra mRNA eller circRNA.
Form og farge på vaksinekomponenten styrer type immunrespons.

Det sagt så vil RNA hovedsaklig gi en T-cellerespons.
Slik covid-vaksinene ga.

Bob_le_Plast · januar 10, 2026, 2:29pm

Og så må man huske at noen virus nøytraliseres best av vaksiner som gir antistoffer.

For andre virus så har spesifikke antistoffer mindre effekt (noen virus bruker dem faktisk for å infisere celler eller bryte blod-hjerne barrieren), så da må man ha en T-cellerespons som dreper den virus-infiserte cellen.

Den sistnevnte ruten via T-celler er forøvrig tilnærmet identisk med immunresponsen som dreper kreftceller.

tverilytt · januar 10, 2026, 4:25pm

Det høres bra ut. Vil dette med bedre effekt og lavere doser for circVec gjelde også i denne sammenheng? Eller uttrykt på en annen måte - gjelder dette helt generelt?

Bob_le_Plast · januar 10, 2026, 4:31pm

Det bør gjelde i alle sammenhenger. Et mer langvarig og sterkere uttrykk betyr (mye) lavere konsentrasjon sammenlignet med mRNA.

tverilytt · januar 10, 2026, 5:41pm

hm, jeg henger ikke helt med på hva du mener?

Baerntis · januar 12, 2026, 6:57am

Noen FDA-datoer å følge med på fremover:

1. RGNX - RGX-121 (clemidsogene lanparvovec)

PDUFA: February 8, 2026
Vector: AAV9
Delivery: Intracisternalt/intraventrikulært (direkte CNS)
Indication: Hunter syndrome (MPS II)
Type: In vivo gene therapy

2. RARE - Ultragenyx DTX401

PDUFA: TBD (BLA completed Jan 5, 2026)
Vector: AAV8
Delivery: Intravenøs infusjon
Indication: Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ia (GSDIa)
Type: In vivo gene therapy

3. RCKT - Rocket Pharma Kresladi (RP-L201/marnetegragene autotemcel)

PDUFA: March 28, 2026
Vector: Lentiviral (ex vivo transduction)
Indication: LAD-I (Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type I)
Type: Autologous ex vivo gene-modified cell therapy

4. ATRA - Atara Tab-cel (tabelecleucel)

PDUFA: January 10, 2026
Technology: Allogeneic EBV-specific T-cells (ikke genetisk modifisert)
Indication: EBV+ PTLD
Type: Off-the-shelf T-cell immunotherapy